M
M
e
e
n
n
u
u
M
M
e
e
n
n
u
u
M
M
e
e
n
n
u
u

Case Study

Case Study

Case Study

What The Water Sees

A twelve-week investigation using Belgrade's rivers as witnesses to urban performance. Following the Confluence Protocol through four phases: Sava, Danube, Interior, and Convergence.

Year

2025

Year

2025

Year

2025

Residency

Belgrade, Serbia

Residency

Belgrade, Serbia

Residency

Belgrade, Serbia

Protocol

The Confluence Protocol

Protocol

The Confluence Protocol

Protocol

The Confluence Protocol

The Confluence Protocol

The Confluence Protocol

The Confluence Protocol

Belgrade performs itself as a meeting point - of rivers, empires, histories, identities. The Confluence Protocol uses the city's rivers as organising principle and witnesses. The Sava and Danube have watched every version of Belgrade: Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian, Yugoslav, bombed, rebuilt. They're the constant audience while the city performs different versions of itself.The investigation follows four phases: Sava Performance (weeks 1-3), Danube Performance (weeks 4-6), Interior Zones (weeks 7-8), and Confluence Synthesis (weeks 9-10). Each phase asks: what does this river see? How does Belgrade stage itself for this particular witness? And crucially - what exists beyond both rivers' gaze?

Belgrade performs itself as a meeting point - of rivers, empires, histories, identities. The Confluence Protocol uses the city's rivers as organising principle and witnesses. The Sava and Danube have watched every version of Belgrade: Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian, Yugoslav, bombed, rebuilt. They're the constant audience while the city performs different versions of itself.The investigation follows four phases: Sava Performance (weeks 1-3), Danube Performance (weeks 4-6), Interior Zones (weeks 7-8), and Confluence Synthesis (weeks 9-10). Each phase asks: what does this river see? How does Belgrade stage itself for this particular witness? And crucially - what exists beyond both rivers' gaze?

The hypothesis: Belgrade performs differently along its two major rivers. The Sava sees working Belgrade, industrial Belgrade, the city's southern/western boundaries. The Danube sees grand Belgrade, fortress Belgrade, the monumental performances along the northern/eastern edges. Same city, different staging, different audiences. But the protocol also demands attention to interior zones - neighbourhoods where rivers aren't visible or relevant. These areas that resist riverine interpretation aren't exceptions to the confluence framework. They're essential. They reveal Belgrade's complexity beyond its signature geographical metaphor. Not everything can be understood through the water's witness.

Kilometres Walked

46+

Kilometres Walked

46+

Kilometres Walked

46+

Data Streams

04

Data Streams

04

Data Streams

04

Image Captures

220+

Image Captures

220+

Image Captures

220+

Rivers as Witnesses

Rivers as Witnesses

Rivers as Witnesses

Treating rivers as witnesses rather than scenery changes how you observe. You're not documenting what you see - you're documenting what the water has seen for centuries. Every building facing the river is performing for that audience. Every promenade is staged for the river's gaze. Every fortress wall assumes the river is watching.This reverses the typical urban observation stance. Instead of "here's what I noticed walking along the river," it becomes "here's what the river notices about how the city presents itself." The rivers don't care about your tourist experience. They've been watching empires rise and fall. What performance do they witness now?

Treating rivers as witnesses rather than scenery changes how you observe. You're not documenting what you see - you're documenting what the water has seen for centuries. Every building facing the river is performing for that audience. Every promenade is staged for the river's gaze. Every fortress wall assumes the river is watching.This reverses the typical urban observation stance. Instead of "here's what I noticed walking along the river," it becomes "here's what the river notices about how the city presents itself." The rivers don't care about your tourist experience. They've been watching empires rise and fall. What performance do they witness now?

The photographic series "The Rivers' Belgrade" attempts to capture shots from the water's perspective - not tourist selfies at scenic viewpoints, but evidence of what the rivers actually see. Infrastructure. Backstages. The parts of the city that face the water whether anyone's looking or not. This requires actual time at water level - not viewing Belgrade from elevated tourist spots but understanding what's visible from the rivers themselves. What does the Sava see looking up at New Belgrade's towers? What does the Danube witness from below Kalemegdan's walls? The rivers don't get the postcard angle. They get the infrastructure, the foundations, the reality beneath the staging.

Beyond The Gaze

Beyond The Gaze

Beyond The Gaze

Phase Three of the Confluence Protocol deliberately investigates interior zones - neighbourhoods furthest from both rivers, where water isn't visible or culturally relevant. These areas exist regardless of confluence mythology. They resist being understood through Belgrade's signature geographical metaphor.This resistance is essential data, not a methodological problem. If the framework only works where it's convenient, it's not a framework - it's confirmation bias. The interior zones force the question: what about Belgrade isn't about rivers at all? What performs regardless of the water's witness?

Phase Three of the Confluence Protocol deliberately investigates interior zones - neighbourhoods furthest from both rivers, where water isn't visible or culturally relevant. These areas exist regardless of confluence mythology. They resist being understood through Belgrade's signature geographical metaphor.This resistance is essential data, not a methodological problem. If the framework only works where it's convenient, it's not a framework - it's confirmation bias. The interior zones force the question: what about Belgrade isn't about rivers at all? What performs regardless of the water's witness?

The landlocked zones reveal different Belgrade entirely. Residential areas where daily life has nothing to do with confluence narratives. Industrial districts that ignore the rivers. Neighbourhoods that could exist in any city, performing no particular "Belgrade-ness" for anyone. This is where the investigation becomes honest. You can't cherry-pick only the areas that fit your framework. The Confluence Protocol works because it accounts for its own limitations. The rivers witness certain performances. But not everything stages itself for water. Some of the city just... runs. The framework has to acknowledge what it can't explain.

River Vision

River Vision

River Vision

The rivers have been watching Belgrade for centuries. After ten weeks of walking, I'm still learning what they see - and what exists beyond their gaze entirely.

The rivers have been watching Belgrade for centuries. After ten weeks of walking, I'm still learning what they see - and what exists beyond their gaze entirely.

The rivers have been watching Belgrade for centuries. After ten weeks of walking, I'm still learning what they see - and what exists beyond their gaze entirely.

David H.

WWTC Founder

David H.

WWTC Founder

David H.

WWTC Founder

More projects

More projects

More projects

Reticulate

Take a trip over to Reticulate to see more of my creative work

David Henzell

WWTC FOUNDER

Reticulate

Take a trip over to Reticulate to see more of my creative work

David Henzell

WWTC FOUNDER

Reticulate

Take a trip over to Reticulate to see more of my creative work

David Henzell

WWTC FOUNDER

13

initiation protocol

establish contact

Questions about WWTC methodology? Want to discuss urban investigation? Interested in collaboration? Reach out.

By submitting, you agree to our Terms and Privacy Policy.

WWTC IS Based in WARSAW BELGRADE
& BEYOND

Soft abstract gradient with white light transitioning into purple, blue, and orange hues

13

initiation protocol

establish contact

Questions about WWTC methodology? Want to discuss urban investigation? Interested in collaboration? Reach out.

By submitting, you agree to our Terms and Privacy Policy.

WWTC IS Based in WARSAW BELGRADE
& BEYOND

Soft abstract gradient with white light transitioning into purple, blue, and orange hues

13

initiation protocol

establish contact

Questions about WWTC methodology? Want to discuss urban investigation? Interested in collaboration? Reach out.

By submitting, you agree to our Terms and Privacy Policy.

WWTC IS Based in WARSAW BELGRADE
& BEYOND

Soft abstract gradient with white light transitioning into purple, blue, and orange hues

Create a free website with Framer, the website builder loved by startups, designers and agencies.